¿Qué es el protocolo de gestión WAN TR-069 CPE?
Guía de protocolo TR-069 | Visión general de TR-069 para ISP y proveedores de servicios
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Introduction to TR-069 (CWMP)
TR-069, also known as the CPE WAN Management Protocol (CWMP), is a technical specification developed by the Broadband Forum (BBF). It is designed to facilitate the remote management and configuration of Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) by service providers. The protocol enables automatic configuration, software and firmware updates, and diagnostics of devices such as routers, modems, telephone adapters and set-top boxes. TR-069 operates over a network using HTTPS, ensuring secure communication between the CPE and an Auto Configuration Server (ACS). This automation reduces the need for manual intervention, thus enhancing service efficiency and reducing operational costs for service providers. By providing a standardized approach to device management, TR-069 helps in achieving a consistent service quality and quick deployment of services.
Modelo de datos TR-069
Los modelos de datos se utilizan para describir las distintas funciones y capacidades de los dispositivos gestionables por WAN. Se puede acceder a estas descripciones basadas en datos mediante TR-069 Amendment 6, proporcionada por Broadband Forum, que define varios objetos de modelo que incluyen parámetros para cada tipo de dispositivo o servicio, lo que permite una gestión más eficaz a través de CWMP.
Un modelo de datos TR-069 representa datos en XML, utilizando un esquema XML para definir los elementos de datos y sus relaciones. Los modelos de datos TR-069 pueden servir para múltiples propósitos, como intercambiar datos entre dispositivos, almacenar datos en una base de datos o proporcionar una interfaz web para los datos. Suelen utilizarse en sistemas de gestión de redes para que los administradores puedan ver y modificar los datos de los dispositivos a distancia.
La especificación TR-069 incluye varios modelos de datos estándar para datos de dispositivos de uso común, como la configuración del sistema, los ajustes WiFi y el estado del dispositivo. Además, los proveedores pueden crear modelos de datos personalizados para representar otros datos del dispositivo que deseen poner a disposición a través del protocolo TR-069.
Servidor TR-069
A TR-069 server, or the Auto Configuration Server (ACS), is a software application that enables service providers and equipment manufacturers to remotely manage, configure, and update their customers' network-connected devices.
Los servidores TR-069 son cruciales tanto para los proveedores de servicios como para los fabricantes de equipos porque ofrecen una forma sencilla y eficaz de gestionar muchos dispositivos a distancia. Con un servidor TR-069, los proveedores de servicios pueden configurar rápidamente nuevos dispositivos, actualizar el firmware y solucionar problemas sin necesidad de enviar a un técnico a las instalaciones del cliente. Del mismo modo, los fabricantes de equipos utilizan los clientes TR-069 para habilitar sus dispositivos para una gestión remota estandarizada.
The CWMP defines how devices communicate over networks, allowing them to send data and receive commands from the Auto Configuration Server.
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How Does TR-069 Work?
TR-069 is a technical specification designed to manage Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) connected to an IP network, where the CPE acts as the client, and the Auto Configuration Server (ACS) acts as the server. The CPE connects to the ACS, allowing it to drive the sought after use cases like automatic provisioning, monitoring, and management of CPEs by executing a workflow of remote procedure calls. Typical workflows consist of individual tasks to send configuration changes, retrieve or verify data, collect performance metrics, or apply firmware updates. In order to do this, the protocol provides a set of so called Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs) and the all data exchange is harmonized by the use of a so called data model which defines structure, types and restrictions accessible by the ACS. The BBF provides a set of constantly updated data models (TR-181, TR-104, TR-135, TR-140, etc.) for various common use cases, which provides interoperability between CPE and ACS from different vendors. The same data models are also used by the successor protocol USP (or TR-369).
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To start a TR-069 session, the device connects to a pre-configured or discovered ACS over a public network via HTTPS. In order to authenticate the communication, various protocol mechanisms such as client certificates or username/password are available but often operators also use external options such as dedicated secure communication channels or network port based customer identification.
A TR-069 session can be triggered by the ACS or occur on a scheduled basis but is always initiated by the CPE.
Upon connection, the device sends an a Inform RPC to the ACS, indicating its current status and readiness for management. In return, the ACS will record the updated information in the database and check for pending workflows, such as configuration updates, information retrieval, firmware installation, or diagnostic requests to be executed and will attempt to drive them to completion within the established session.
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TR-069 is a robust protocol designed to enable service providers to remotely manage customer equipment. It can be implemented securely but that requires careful attention to detail as well as careful planning and implementation by experts.
It is of utmost importance that data privacy laws and regulations are upheld, meaning that access is authorized by informed customers and limited to the minimum amount of data needed by the operator to implement the defined use cases.
Additional security measures, such as device certificates and individual credentials can help to provide some protection against data breaches, but potential risks such as unauthorized access, data interception, and implementation vulnerabilities still do exist if the protocol is not properly implemented or configured. To mitigate these threats, network interlocked robust authentication and encryption mechanisms should be implemented and regular security audits conducted. Firewall rules, VPNs, and frequent software updates also play a crucial role in maintaining security and safeguarding against evolving threats.
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Since 2018, the BBF has been publishing the specification of a successor standard: TR-369 or USP.
TR-069 and TR-369/USP are both protocols developed for managing customer devices, but TR-369 offers significant improvements over TR-069. While TR-069 started with a focus on basic device management and service provisioning, later enhanced with some limited monitoring capabilities, TR-369 was designed from the ground up to build on the ideas of TR-069 but using a modern foundation to meet the high demands of modern and complex networks.
TR-369 improves scalability, security, and real-time communication, enabling better integration across heterogeneous platforms. Both protocols aim to streamline device management, but TR-369 offers greater flexibility and is better suited for future-proof network solutions, making it ideal for evolving network environments.
For a more in-depth understanding of TR-369/USP and its benefits, explore our comprehensive
TR-369/USP Knowledge Base.
TR-069 Casos de uso
Provisión de servicios complejos
Prestación de servicios de juegos múltiples
Despliegues de IPTV
Aprovisionamiento sin contacto
Aprovisionamiento de SIP y VoIP
Quality of Experience Gestión (QoE)
Mejor toma de decisiones con
análisis e informesResolución proactiva de problemas por adelantado
Información sobre la utilización del ancho de banda
Gestión de todo tipo de dispositivos
Pasarelas Remotas (RG) xDSL simples
Los decodificadores (STB) junto al RG
Cable RGs y Fttx ONTs o
Incluso las complejas Rutas de Negocios (BR)
Interoperabilidad Southbound
La gestión independiente de
los dispositivos capaces de TR-069Soporte a estrategias de dispositivos de múltiples proveedores
Integración de la base heredada de dispositivos no TR-069
Entornos de Acceso Heterogéneo
xDSL y Fttx
Cable y satélite
WiMAX o
Ethernet
Integración hacia el norte de OSS/BSS
Facturación
Apoyo
Política o
Sistemas de gestión de pedidos para permitir la prestación de servicios de principio a fin
Nuestros productos basados en TR-069
Todos los productos de Axiros pueden implantarse y utilizarse "in situ " o "como servicio".